Tamu Lhosar, Soman, Gyalpo Losar 2026/2027 - Mhemberero muNepal

Tamu Lhosar mutambo wakakurumbira pakati penharaunda yeGurung muNepal neTibet. Izwi rekuti "Tamu" rinomiririra vanhu veGurung. Vanhu veNepal neTibet vanopemberera mutambo mukuru uyu unofadza, unovawo chiitiko cheGore Idzva munharaunda ino.

Mutambo uyu unowanzowira mukati memwedzi waPoush mukarenda yechiHindu uye muna Zvita mukarenda yeChirungu. Hurumende yeNepal inopawo mazororo eruzhinji panguva yeTamu Lhoshar. Munguva yemutambo uyu, vanhu vese veGurung vanopfeka zvipfeko zveGurung uye vanotamba yavo yetsika.

Hembe dzechinyakare dzeGurung ndiBhangra, uye varume veGurung vanonyanya kupfeka chipfeko ichi. Bhangra ihembe chena yakaita sejira rakasimba pachipfuva. Ivo zvakare vanopfeka Kachhad, senge pfupi sarong kana kilt. Kune rimwe divi, vakadzi veGurung vanopfeka bhurauzi uye siketi refu.

Vasikana vadiki veGurung vanopfeka Ghalek uye gunyo-cholo. Vanopfeka zvishongo zvihombe zvegoridhe, kusanganisira mhete uye nekiresi yematombo yechinyakare. Munguva yakakosha yechiitiko chaTamu Lhoshar, vanhu veGurung vanobika marudzi akasiyana echikafu. Nharaunda yeGurung ndeimwe yetsika dzekare muNepal. Rodhighar, Chudka, Sorathi, Ghantu, uye Dhori tsika dzeGurung dzichiri kupararira muNepal.

Chikafu chechinyakare cheGurung chinosanganisira Sel roti uye Khapse (yakagadzirwa nechingwa chemupunga), Achar (Pickle), Nyama, kumba mupunga Beer (Tonbaa), uye Waini panguva yaTamu Lhoshar. Vanhu vanoimbawo rwiyo rwavo rwekare rweGurung "Salaijo naKauda." Munguva yaTamu Lhoshar, vanhu vanoungana vachitamba nekuimba. Tamu Lhoshar akapembererwa muNepal neTibet kwenguva yakareba. Tamu Lhoshar anopawo mukana wekuratidza ushingi, kuseka, uye hunyanzvi hwekuimba nekutamba.

Mutambo muNepal

Nepal ine magadheni, maruva, makomo, uye mamwe masikirwo akasiyana-siyana. Zvisinei, tinewo kusiyana-siyana muchitendero netsika. Tsika netsika zvakare zvinoenderana nemamiriro enzvimbo yenzvimbo yatinogara. Vanhu vari munharaunda yeTerai vanotora Chhath uye Gaura Parva semitambo yavo mikuru.

Vanhu vari munzvimbo ine makomo vanopemberera Dashain neTihar semitambo yavo yepamusoro. Saizvozvo, vanhu vari mudunhu reHimalayan vanopemberera Lhoshar semutambo wavo mukuru. Mutambo wega wega une kukosha kwawo. Mhemberero muNepal dzine mufaro wemuviri nepfungwa.

Nokudaro, vanhu veNepal vanoungana uye vanogoverana mufaro wavo nevadiwa vavo. Mutambo wega wega muNepal une nhoroondo yakaisvonaka. Mhemberero ndiyo inonyanya kufadza chikamu chehupenyu hwedu. Zvinonziwo kune mitambo yakawanda muNepal kupfuura mazuva pagore; hazvishamisi kuti Nepal inonzi nyika yemitambo.

Rimwe zuva rimwe nerimwe izuva remutambo munyika dzose. Chikamu chakanakisa chemitambo yese ndechekuti vanoratidza nhoroondo yetsika dzavo uye vanotidzidzisa kukosha kwehupenyu. Mhemberero dzinowedzera kufara uye kunakidzwa kuhupenyu hwedu. Ndidzo imwe nzira yokuratidza nayo mufaro uye manyawi.

Munguva yekubatikana kwemunhu wese, mutambo weTamu Losar wave imwe nzira yekutitsausa kubva kumararamiro edu ezuva nezuva, anonetesa uye anotikurudzira kurangarira zvinhu zvakakosha uye nguva muhupenyu. Pakati pemitambo yakawanda pasi rese, Tamu Lhoshar ndeimwe yemitambo yakakosha yakapararira muNepal neTibet. Mutambo weNepal unopawo nhengo dzemhuri mukana wekuchinjana zvipo.

Tamu Lhosar arikupemberera sei?

Mhemberero yaTamu Lhosar

Lhosar ndeimwe yemitambo mikuru yenharaunda yeGurung. MuNepal, Vanhu vedunhu reHimalaya uye dunhu reTerai vanopemberera Tamu Lhosar. Nharaunda yeGurung inoronga zvirongwa zvakasiyana pachiitiko cheTamu Lhoshar. Pakutanga, Ganjasingh Gurung, zvakare director wenharaunda yeTamu, akatanga kuratidza kukosha kwaTamu Lhoshar pakati penharaunda yake uye nedzimwe nharaunda dzese.

Vanhu vanoungana pamwe chete, voimba nziyo dzechivanhu dzakasiyana, uye vachitamba mitambo yechinyakare panguva yemutambo uyu. Mhemberero yaTamu Lhoshar ndeyemazuva matatu. Zvisinei, hurumende inopa zororo chete pazuva rekupedzisira nekuda kwekukosha kwaro.

Mazuvano, vanhu vanopemberera mhemberero dzemazuva ano, vachitsiva nzira yechinyakare yekupemberera. Kare vanhu vainwa waini nedoro muswere wese wezuva, asi mazuva ano vanhu vanonakidzwa nemapati oumbozha uye vachitamba nziyo dzemazuva ano. Kunyanya mumaguta makuru eNepal seKathmandu nePokhara, Vanhu vanoronga mapati uye vanonakidzwa neizvi mutsika.

Tundikhel, moyo weguta reKathmandu, ndipo panoungana vanhu uye nekukoshesa mutambo uyu. Boka rakakosha rinoronga makonti uye zvirongwa zvekutamba muTundikhel pachiitiko chakakosha cheTamu Lhosar Festival. Vanhu vanoshanyirawo stupas munzvimbo dzakasiyana. Boudhanath uye Swyambhunath stupa inzvimbo dzakakosha dzinoshanyirwa nevanhu panguva yemutambo uyu. Vanhu vanopfeka zvipfeko zvavo zvechivanhu uye vanoratidza tsika dzavo pakati pevose.

Vanhu veGurung vane hunyanzvi hwekutamba nekuimba hunoshamisa, zvichiita kuti kuona vateereri vafare. Nziyo dzechinyakare dzinoratidzawo mararamiro emunharaunda evanhu. Tamu Lhoshar inguva zvakare apo nhengo dzemhuri dzinosangana uye dzinogovana mufaro wavo uye mufaro.

Nakidzwa nepati yeLosar.

Munguva yaTamu Lhoshar, vanhu vanoitawo mapati nemabiko mudzimba dzavo. Zvokudya zvinotungamira panguva yemutambo uyu sel roti, chimiro, uye nyama. Vanhu vanowanzova newaini yakagadzirwa kumba uye Tumba. Mazuvano, vanhu vanoitawo mabasa akawanda ekutandara masikati.

Vanhu vanoshanyirawo akasiyana maBhudha stupas uye vanotora zvikomborero kubva kumamongi. Vanopemberera mutambo uyu nekuita mabiko uye nokupanana zvipo. Vanhu vanotsinhanawo zvishuwo uye kufarirwa nevadiwa vavo vepedyo nevadikanwi. Mazuva ano, vanhu vanobva kune dzimwe nharaunda kana tsika vanopfekawo zvipfeko zvechinyakare zvevanhu veGurung kupemberera Tamu Lhoshar.

Tamu Lhoshar inoonekwa pakati penzvimbo dzemadzinza dzeAsia yese. Lhoshar ine mazwi maviri akasiyana: Lho, zvinoreva gore, uye Sar, zvinoreva gore.

Sezvo Lhoshar inotora mazuva matatu, mhemberero yaTamu Lhoshar inotanga kubva pamazuva maviri ekupedzisira egore rapfuura. Nharaunda yeTamang inorongawo zviitiko zveMitambo, kudyidzana, misangano yetsika, uye mitambo yetsika munzvimbo dzakasiyana. Sezvo tsika dziri pamusoro pekuwedzerwa kwayo mazuva ano, vanhu vari kuita chirongwa chakasiyana chekuchengetedza mutambo uyu.

Chikonzero chesainzi chekupemberera Tamu Lhoshar ndechekuti inowira musi wa22 Zvita, unozivikanwa sehusiku hurefu kwazvo, uye kubva 23 Zvita zvichienda mberi, mazuva anotanga kureba. Saka, inopembererwawo sekuchinja kwekutenderera kwenguva. Chinhu chinonakidza pamusoro paTamu Lhoshar ndechekuti vanhu vanonamatawo zvakasikwa nhasi.

Shanyira Buddhist Stupa

Vanhu vanoshanyirawo akasiyana maBhudha stupas uye vanotora zvikomborero kubva kumamongi. Vanhu vanopemberera mutambo uyu nekuita mabiko nekupanana zvipo. Vanotsinhanawo zvishuwo uye kufarirwa nevadiwa vavo vepedyo nevadikanwi. Mazuva ano, vanhu vanobva kune dzimwe nharaunda kana tsika vanopfekawo zvipfeko zvechinyakare zvevanhu veGurung kupemberera Tamu Lhoshar.

Tamu Lhoshar inoonekwa pakati penzvimbo dzemadzinza eAsia. Lhosar ine mazwi maviri akasiyana: Lho zvinoreva gore, uye Sar zvinoreva gore. Sezvo Lhoshar inotora mazuva matatu, mhemberero inotanga pamazuva maviri ekupedzisira egore rapfuura.

Nharaunda yeTamang inorongawo zviitiko zveMitambo, kudyidzana, misangano yetsika, uye mitambo yetsika munzvimbo dzakasiyana. Sezvo tsika dziri pamusoro pekuwedzerwa kwayo mazuva ano, vanhu vari kuita chirongwa chakasiyana chekuchengetedza mutambo uyu.

Chikonzero chesainzi chekupemberera Tamu Lhosar ndechekuti inowira musi wa22 Zvita, unozivikanwa sehusiku hurefu kwazvo, uye kubva 23 Zvita zvichienda mberi, mazuva anotanga kureba. Saka, inopembererwawo sekuchinja kwekutenderera kwenguva. Chinhu chinonakidza pamusoro paTamu Lhoshar ndechekuti vanhu vanonamatawo zvakasikwa nhasi.

Nhoroondo yeGurung naTamu Lhosar

Gurung ndeimwe yemarudzi makumi mashanu nepfumbamwe ekuzvarwa anogara muNepal. Munharaunda yeHimalayan, vanhu veGurung vanonyanya kuwanikwa mujinga mezvikomo zveAnnapurna. Mumutauro weTibetan, Gurung zvinoreva murimi. Zvinotendwa kuti vanhu veGurung idzinza rinodzungaira rakasangana neTibet neMustang.

Gare gare, vakagara muTibet uye Mustang uye yakaunza Buddhism mukati mezana ramakore rechi 7. Pakupedzisira, vakatanga kuchengeta mitambo nemiitiro ine chokuita nokunamata, kuberekwa, rufu, uye roorano. Gare gare, Lhoshar yakava imwe yemitambo mikuru.

Nharaunda yeGurung yakakamura nguva yavo kuita makore gumi nemaviri, anonziwo Lohokor. Mumakore 12 aya, vanonamata mhuka ipi neipi kana shiri pagore. Los-garuda, nyoka, bhiza, hwai, tsoko, shiri, imbwa, nondo, mbeva, mombe, dindingwe, uye katsi ndidzo mhuka gumi nembiri dzinonamatwa nevanhu veGurung pachiitiko chaTamu Lhoshar. Mumhanzi wechinyakare wenharaunda yeGurung ndiRodhi. Kunze kweizvi, mamwe madhanzi ane mukurumbira uye akajairwa evanhu veGurung anosanganisira Ghatu naChudka.

Vanhu vanorongawo maresitorendi echikafu munzvimbo dzakasiyana anoshandira akasiyana Gurung ndiro. Vanhu vari mitengo yezvitupa nemaGumba vanonzi Lamas, Klihbri, uye Panju. Vanhu veGurung vakaita mupiro wakakura kutsika netsika dzeNepal. Vanhu vanopemberera Tamu Lhoshar nekuenda kumapikiniki nekukwazisana.

Vanhu vanorongawo makwikwi ekutamba eGhatu neChudka munzvimbo dzakasiyana. Tamu Lhoshar anga achipemberera muNepal kwenguva yakareba kwazvo. Sezvo vanhu veGurung vachipemberera Tamu Lhoshar, gore ravo idzva, havateveri mamwe makarenda zvakanyanya.

Mamwe marudzi akasiyana eLhosar

Lhoshar ndiyo mutambo mukuru wevanhu vechiBuddha. Mhando nhatu dzeLhosar dzinopembererwa muNepal. Yese yeLhoshar ine kukosha kwayo uye kukosha. Dzimwe nharaunda dzakananga dzinopemberera marudzi ese emasokisi.

Sonam Lhosar

Sonam Lhosar zvakare igore idzva renharaunda yeBuddhist. Vanhu veTamang vekuNepal vanopemberera mutambo uyu. Inenge 8% yehuwandu hwevanhu muNepal ndeyevanhu veTamang. Sonam Lhoshar mutambo wakanaka kwazvo. VaTamang vaive verudzi rwekare rwainzi Yombo.

Tamang inoumbwa nenyika mbiri: Ta, zvinoreva Bhiza, uye Mang, zvinoreva Rider. Tamang inofungidzirwa kuiswa se, munguva dzekare, kunyanya vanhu veTamang vaibatanidzwa mukutengesa bhiza. Vanhu veTamang vakapfuma kwazvo mutsika nemagariro. Vane chiziviso chavo pachavo uye tsika dzavo pachavo.

Chimwe chezvinhu zvakakurumbira pamusoro peTamang ndiDamphu, chigubhu-sechiridzwa chidiki chemimhanzi. Inosanganisira matanda emushenjere makumi matatu nembiri uye dehwe rembudzi rinovhara rimwe remativi. Zvinoenderana nekarenda yeNepali, Sonam Lhoshar inowira mumwedzi weMagh, uye maererano nekarenda yeChirungu, mutambo uyu unowira muna Ndira kana Kukadzi.

Panguva yemutambo uyu, vanhu veTamang vanogara vachichenesa dzimba dzavo nezvitoro. Vanhu vanoshanyira Gumbas uye stupa pachiitiko cheSonam Lhosar.

Selo kutamba kwechinyakare kunoitwa nevanhu veTamang muSonam Lhosar. Inoshandiswawo muzvirongwa zvakawanda zvepamutemo muNepal. Iyo yemhando yepamusoro yekutamba Damphu uye yekutamba Selo ndiTamang Selo. Sonam Lhosar inopembererwawo kuparadzira simba rakanaka uye kuparadza simba rakashata kubva kurudzi. Vanhu vanoshongedza dzimba dzavo nemwenje nemireza pese pese.

Gyalpo Lhosar

Gyalpo Lhoshar ane mukurumbira zvakare semumwe wevatatu Lhoshar, uye vanhu venharaunda yeSherpa vanopemberera mutambo uyu. Mutambo uyu unonyanya kuzivikanwa pakati pevanhu vari munzvimbo dzeEverest neAnnapurna kuNepal pamwe nedzimwe nyika dzeAsia. Munguva yeGyalpo Lhosar, vanhu vanobika chikafu chinonaka senge maumbirwo, makeke, makuki, zvihwitsi, chingwa, uye michero.

Pamazuva maviri iwayo, vanonwa muto chaiwo unonzi Guntung. Iyi soup inosanganisira zvinhu zvakawanda: mupunga, mbatatisi, gorosi, Yak cheese, green pepper, uye radishes. Swyambhunath Stupa inzvimbo ine mukurumbira uye yepakati yekushanyira panguva yeGyalpo Lhosar.

Sezvo vanhu vazhinji mudunhu reEverest vachipemberera mutambo uyu, Gyalpo Lhosar yanga iri imwe yenzvimbo dzekushanya. Gyalpo Lhosar akadonha muna Kukadzi, mushure me Sonam Lhosar. Vanhu vanoita mutambo wekutamba unonzi Cham, unoitwa pedyo neBoudhnath Stupa.

Imwe dzidziso yekare yakateverwa naSherpa panguva yeGyalpo Lhoshar ndeyekuchengeta imba yavo, kunyanya kicheni, yakachena. Manheru eGyalpo Lhosar, vanhu vanoungana mune stupa kana chero imwe nzvimbo yekukwazisa yechinyakare. Vanhu vanoshuvira mufaro, mufaro, uye musimboti weLosar kuti urambe wakafanana kumunhu wese mumhuri yavo. Vanhu vanopemberera Gyalpo Lhosar nekuimba kana kutamba kuimba dzechinyakare Sherpa, kudya, uye kunwa.

Tamu Lhosar muna 2026/2027

Tamu Lhoshar ndiwo mutambo mukuru kwazvo wenharaunda yeGurung; vanhu vari munharaunda yeHimalaya vanopemberera mutambo uyu. Sezvo dunhu iri rinowira munzvimbo dzinotonhora dzedunhu reHimalayan (Lang tang uye makomo edunhu reAnnapurna), vanhu vanowanzo kupemberera Tamu Lhoshar nekudya zvinodziya uye kupfeka hembe dzechinyakare uye dzinodziya.

Hurumende yeNepal inopa zororo reveruzhinji pachiitiko chaTamu Lhosar. Gore rino, 2026, Tamu Lhosar inowira neChitatu, 30 Zvita. Vanhu vanoungana mudzimba dzakagovaniswa kana stupas kuimba uye kutamba panguva yaTamu Lhoshar. Zvakare, 2026 inguva yedenda repasi rose.

Tinofanira kupemberera Tamu Lhosar nekunyanya kungwarira. Vanhu vanofanirawo kutevedzera zvinotarwa nehurumende. Tichiri kupemberera mhemberero, vanhu vanofanirwawo kuchengetedza kushamwaridzana.

Anofara Tamu Lhosar